5. Why did the Rough Wooing take place?

The Battle of Pinkie Cleugh was the last ever battle fought between English and Scottish armies. Henry VIII's army inflicted severe losses on the Scots.

1. At first, the pro English faction came out on top (helped by cash from Henry VIII) …


2. The Treaty of Greenwich was made with England : Mary would marry Henry VIII’s son Edward.


3. The pro French faction made a come back (helped by French cash) …


4. The Earl of Arran who was regent, switched sides. He then stood down in favour of Mary of Guise and Cardinal Beaton.


5. The Scots then made the Treaty of Haddington with the French. Mary would marry the son of the French king and would go to France for protection.


6. Henry VIII punished the Scots by sending English armies to lay waste the Borders and Edinburgh.. The Battle of Pinkie was the worst defeat. Several thousand Scots were killed.
   This went on for several years until Henry VIII died. Henry's attacks on Scotland wee known as the "Rough Wooing"